pGLO lab

pGLO Lab Conclusion

Plate	Number of colonies	Color of colonies under room light	Color of colonies under room light
-pGlO LB	0 (lawn)	grey	grey
-pGLO LB/amp	0 (lawn)	grey	grey
+pGLO LB/amp	75	tan	tan
+pGLO LB/amp/ara	250	tan	green

2.	What two new traits do your transformed bacteria have?
	-Ability to be resistant to Amposilin -Ability to glow
3.	Estimate how many bacteria were in the 100 uL of bacteria that you spread on each plate. Explain your logic.
	-25 mL in our test plate=250 germ colonies
	-100 mL in our test plate= ? germ colonies
	THE ANSWER IS 1000 (250x4)
4.	What is the role of arabinose in the plates?
	It allowed the RNA to transfer into the germs, causing them to glow.
5	List and briefly explain three current uses for GFP (green fluorescent protein) in research or applied science.
	-Testing a protein in jellyfish that makes jellyfish. - Using green fluorescent proteins to tag the expression of genes -Making Cats glow
6.	Give an example of another application of genetic engineering. -Mass production of insulin, follistim, antibodies, and vaccines

Candy Electrophoresis Lab Conclusion

When you analyzed the results of your gel, did any of your experimental samples contain dyes that did not match the four reference dyes? For example, did any of your samples produce?

Look at the structures of the dyes pictured here. Which of these dyes would migrate similarly to the dyes you examined in this lab? Why? 

All of them because they are all the same color that we tested. They won't move at the same speed, but they should be similar.

Many popular dry dog foods and dog treats have FD&C dyes among their ingredients. For example, Beneful dry food contains Yellow 5, Red 40, Yellow 6, and Blue 2, and Snausages Breakfast Bites contain Red 40 lake, Yellow 6 lake, and Yellow 5 lake. (Lake dyes are the insoluble forms of the FD&C dyes.) 
Why do dog food manufacturers put artificial food colors in dog food?  

Dog food factories put a lot of animal byproducts into the food, so it won't exactly look like it is advertised. You can indirectly think that the dye is made for the humans because the companies want to humans to think the food is good based on appearance!

Are there any reasons why artificial food colors might be preferable to natural food colors? 
Some natural food colors are not appetizing. There are also some natural food colorings made out of bugs, and that is very unappetizing. 

What two factors control the distance the colored dye solutions migrate?
The length/size one the DNA, and how well the DNA was injected into the gel.

What force helps move the dyes through the gel?
Electricity

What component of the electrophoresis system causes the molecules to separate by size? Explain
The gel is the key to this working. The gel has little holes in it, and these holes are just large enough for DNA to move through them. The small DNA has no problem getting through the gel, but the large DNA has a lot more trouble. This is why the large DNA moves a lot slower than the small DNA.

Agarose electrophoresis is commonly used to separate molecules of DNA. Explain how you expect DNA molecules with molecular weights of 600, 1000, 2000, and 5000 daltons to separate. 
Well clearly the 5000 dalton DNA is going to move very slowly, while the 500 dalton DNA will rapidly move to the other end of the gel.

Recombinant DNA Lab Conclusion

In this lab we made Recombinant DNA out of strips of paper. We created the plasmid out of blue colored paper, and the strand of DNA and insulin gene out of a pink strip. Lastly we had a bunch of yellow squares of paper that were our restriction enzymes. One plasmid I made was resistant to kanamycin. I didn't use the ones that were resistant to ampicillin or tetracycline.After I figured out what my plasmid was going to be, I then made the long strand of DNA. I went through the list of restriction enzymes, I only found one that could perform the cut. After I figured out what worked, I cut everything out and attached it all together.
Which antibiotics could you use in your petri dishes to see if the bacteria have taken in your plasmid? Why? Which antibiotics would you not use? Why? 
You could use whatever you would want to; however, it really depends on your goal. You would only want to use the plasmid that your bacteria is resistant to. If you feed tetracycline to bacteria that is resistant to ampicillin, then the bacteria would basically die. 
What are restriction enzymes and how do they work? Which one did you use and why? 
A restriction enzyme basically cuts the DNA or splits it a certain way. It will always cut it the same way too. The way it works is it attaches itself to the actual DNA. I used AVA because it properly split my plasmid/DNA.
What would happen if you used an enzyme that cut the plasmid in two places? 
The plasmid would get a lot shorter. This would be pretty bad because you loose all that important information, and the recombinant DNA would be really small like HPA or ASP.
How do you think this process is important in our everyday life? 
I think that the most significant importance is helping us become immune to certain things. This is an essential process needed to survive, so we don't keep getting sick over the same thing over and over again.
How else could this process be used (be creative!) or search online to find current technologies using recombinant DNA?
I think the most interesting thing is glowing animals. Supposedly there are glowing sheep, bunnies, pigs, marmosets, beagle, cats, and fish. This is only when they are exposed to some form of UV light.

My Goals

Goal #1:

I will designate a time in the day for just science, if it means studying, doing my homework, or writing on my blogs. I will do this to ensure that I am getting my science homework done at the same time each day or night.

I will try harder to balance my academic and athletic life equally by spending more time studying over playing basketball, and in most cases I will try to put my academic life over my athletic life.